ျမန္မာ့ ျပကၡဒိန္ ဘာေၾကာင့္လိုေနေသးတာလဲ

ျမန္မာေတြရဲ ့ျပကၡဒိန္ အခု ဘာလိုေတာ့လဲဗ်ာဟု အမွတ္မထင္ ညီငယ္ ပါေမာကၡခ်ဴပ္က ေျပာလိုက္ပါတယ္၊ က်ေနာ္ျပန္ရွင္းျပေတာ့ လက္ခံသြားတယ္၊ ျမန္မာျပကၡဒိန္
ျမန္မာတိုင္းရင္းသားေတြ ဘာေၾကာင့္ သံုးရတာလဲဆိုတဲ့ကိစၥထဲ ျမစ္၀က်ၽြန္းေပၚသားေတြ ျပကၡဒိန္နဲ ့
ဘယ္လို အလုပ္လုပ္ၾကတယ္ဆိုတာကို နမူနာကေလး ထုတ္ႏႈတ္ျပလိုက္ပါတယ္

ဒီစာေတြဟာ သစ္ေတာဌာန Working Plan မွျပန္လည္ကူးယူထားတာပါ ပထမဆံုးေရးတဲ့လူက ႏိုင္ငံျခားသားတေယာက္ျဖစ္ၿပီး အခု plan က ဦး တန္ခ်ိန္ဟိုးပါ။


ဒီေရနွင့္ ၎တို့၏ သက္ေရာက္မႈမ်ား


(ဤအရပ္မ်ားတြင္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ရမည့္ လုပ္ငန္းမ်ား၌ လိုအပ္မည္ထင္ပါ၍ ျမန္မာ့ရိုးရာ ဒီေရတြက္နည္းမ်ားကို ေဖာ္ျပထားရွိပါသည္။)

ျမစ္ဝကြၽန္းေပၚေဒသတြင္ ဒီေရသည္ (၂၄)နာရီအတြင္း နွစ္ႀကိမ္ အတက္အက်ရွိေၾကာင္း၊ တစ္ရက္နွင့္တစ္ရက္ အခ်ိန္ျခားနားခ်က္ (၄၈)မိနစ္ရွိေၾကာင္း၊ လူအမ်ား သိရွိၾကပါသည္။ ျမန္မာ ျပကၡဒိန္အလိုက္ ေအာက္ပါ ကဗ်ာ(၂)ခုျဖင့္ အလြယ္တကူ က်က္မွတ္ထားရွိနိဳင္ပါသည္။

(က) လဆန္းရက္မ်ား၌ လဝင္ေရတက္ (လဝင္သည္နွင့္ ဒီေရတက္သည္။)

(ခ) လဆုတ္ရက္မ်ား၌ လထြက္ေရတက္ (လထြက္သည္နွင့္ ဒီေရတက္သည္။)

(ဂ) လျပည့္ေက်ာ္ ခုနွစ္ရက္ လမင္းသန္းေခါင္ထြက္၊ ဒီေရလည္း တခ်ိန္တည္းတက္မည္ (ကဗ်ာ(၂)အရ)

(ဃ) ေနဝင္ေရတက္ ဆယ့္သုံးရက္ (သို့)မိုးလင္းေရတက္ ဆယ့္သုံးရက္)၊ ငါးဖမ္းသူမ်ား အတြက္ ထပ္ဆင့္ကဗ်ာခ်ိဳးမွာ ပုစြန္ဖမ္း၊ ငါးဖမ္းမွီ၊ ေျခာက္နာရီ (ပုစြန္နွင့္ ငါးမ်ားကို မနက္ေျခာက္နာရီ ဒီေရအတက္နွင့္ အမွီဖမ္းရန္)

ဒီေရသည္ သစ္ေတာအမႈထမ္းအတြက္သာမက ျမစ္ဝကြၽန္းေပၚတြင္ ေနထိုင္ၾကေသာ မည္သူမဆိုအတြက္ အေရးႀကီးပါသည္။

ေျမနဳကြၽန္း ေျမဆီလႊာျဖစ္ေပၚမႈကို ဒီေရမွ ထိန္းခ်ုပ္ထားျခင္းေၾကာင့္ အပင္အမ်ိုးအစားနွင့္ ႀကီးထြားမႈကိုပါ အဓိက လႊမ္းမိုးထားရွိပါသည္။ ျမက္နွင့္ ဒီေရေတာသစ္ပင္အေစ့မ်ားကို ပင္လယ္၀ႏွင့္ေျမနုကြၽန္းမ်ား၊ လတာျပင္မ်ားသို့ သယ္ေဆာင္ေပး၍ ဒီေရေတာမ်ားေပါက္ေရာက္ေစပါသည္။ မည္သည့္အရပ္မ်က္နွာမဆို ေလွျဖင့္ အလြယ္တကူသြားလာနိုင္ေစပါသည္။

ျမန္မာလဆန္း/လဆုတ္ (၁၀)ရက္ေန့မ်ားသည္ ဒီေရအနိမ့္ဆုံးျဖစ္၍ ‌မသည္ အေတာ္အတန္ ေျခာက္ေသြ့ေနခါ စစ္ေဆးမႈမ်ား ျပုလုပ္ရန္ အေကာင္းဆုံးအခ်ိန္ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ေလွ၊ သမၺာန္မ်ား လြန္းတင္ျခင္းကို ဒီေရအတက္အက်ကိုၾကည့္၍ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေလ့ရွိၾကပါသည္။ သာမန္ျပင္ဆင္ျခင္းမ်ားကို (၁၃)ရက္ေန့တြင္ လြန္းတင္၍ ေနာက္တေန့တြင္ ေရခ်ေလ့ရွိပါသည္။ ျပင္ဆင္မႈအႀကီးစားမ်ားအတြက္ (၃)ရက္ေန့တြင္ ျပန္လည္ေရခ်ၾကပါသည္။ ဒီေရ၏အင္အားကိုသုံး၍ ျမုပ္ေနေသာ ေလွသမၺန္မ်ားကို ဆယ္ယူၾကပါသည္။ ေရျမုတ္ေနေသာ ေလွကိုေရေပၚရွိ ေလွ(၂)စီးတြင္ ပူးခ်ည္ထားေသာတိုင္တန္းတစ္ခု၌ ေရေသရက္တြင္ ခ်ည္ေနွာင္ထားရွိခါ ဒီေရျမင့္တက္လာသည္နွင့္အမွ် နစ္ျမုတ္ေနေသာ ေလွကို ေရေပၚသို့ ဆယ္ယူၿပီးသားျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ငါးပုစြန္ဖမ္းနည္းမ်ားမွာလည္း ဒီေရရက္ကိုလိုက္၍ အေျပာင္းအလဲရွိၾကပါသည္။ ေရထရက္မ်ားတြင္ အဝန္း၊ ေခ်ာင္းပိတ္(ဝါးယင္း)မ်ားနွင့္ ေဂ‌ဘာင္း(ဝါးေဖာင္မ်ားမွ ပိုက္ကြန္ခ်ျခင္း)နည္းမ်ားကိုသုံး၍ ေရေသရက္မ်ားတြင္ ဒမင္းေတာင္(တိုင္မ်ားတြင္ ပိုက္ကြန္မ်ားခ်ည္၍ ပုစြန္ဖမ္းျခင္း)နည္းကို သုံးေလ့ရွိပါသည္။ ဆားကြင္းမ်ားတြင္လည္း ေရထရက္မ်ားတြင္ ေရသြင္းၾကရပါသည္။



Section 4. —Tides and their Effects.

(NOTE. — The first two paragraphs of this section contain a condensation of rough and ready formulae handed down the generations and are in many ways useful to the Forest Officer.)

10. It is a well-known fact that in the Delta, tides rise and fall twice in every twenty-four hours and that each rise or fall occurs about 48minutes later each day. The Burmese calendar which follows the lunar month is useful to indicate the behaviour of tides. There are a number of compositions and rhymes in Burmese illustrating certain points: —

(i) On waxing days, it is lawin yetet,i.e., the tide rises at moonset.

(ii) On waning days, it is lahtwet yetet, i. e., the tide rises at moonrise.

In these two rhymes the terms moonset and moonrise are used because the setting and the rising can be seen better and cannot be mistaken.

(iii) Labyigyaw khunnayet lamin thangaung htwet. On the seventh waning day the moon rises at midnight. The tide rises at the same time, vide the saying in (ii) above.

(iv) Newin yetet setthonyet or molin yetet setthonyet,i.e., on the thirteenth day (waxing or waning) the tide rises at sunset or at daybreak. For fishermen the latter rhyme is supplemented by pazunphan ngaphan hmi chauknayi, i.e., catch shrimps and fish at 6 o'clock (with the morning tide).

11. The time at which the tide rises or falls at a place in the Delta depends on its distance from the sea and occurs later as the distance increases. At the northern end of deltaic reserves the following table gives the approximate times of rises: —

12. Tides are very important to the Forester as well as to every inhabitant of the Delta.

The largely determine soil formation and hence the rate and kind of growth. They carry grass and mangrove tree seeds to the sea and to accretions which are thereby afforested. They permit travel by boat in either direction and spring tides will carry forest workers right up to the stump for extraction of produce. They are times of importance to forest officers and police officers but equally so to dacoits and lusoes (bad hats) who have a wider field for escape on gaungye and yehta days. By the tenth of the lunar month the tide is at its lowest, the ground is relatively dry. This is the time to inspect extraction — the woodcutters are busy crosscutting and splitting firewood. Advantage is taken of tides for repairs to boats which are stranded, an operation called lun, whereby a boat can be permanently stranded or stranded for the time needed for repairs. In small lun with the same phase of the tide, the boat is stranded and propped up on the 13th day of the lunar month and launched next or following day. This is for minor repairs. In the big lun with the next phase of the tide the boat is stranded and propped up on the third day of the lunar month and launched on the following third. This is for major, prolonged repairs. Tidal power is used to raise sunken boats. The submerged boat is tied at low tide to a post stretching between two surface boats. As the tide rises, the sunken boat is lifted. Methods of fishing vary with the tides.Bawun and chaungbeik (bamboo chicks) and gabaung (nets floating from anchored bamboo rafts) are used during yehta days while on yethe days damingdaung (nets tied to posts for shrimping) is resorted to. Salt boilers let in salt water to their evaporating pans at high tides.


ဇယား


သစ္ေတာဌာနရဲ ့ယခင္က အင္မတန္တိက်ေသာ စံနစ္က်ေသာ Working Plan ေခၚ Management Plan မ်ားပါ

ေမာင္ေမာင္သန္း